Schengen associated countries

Four non-EU states apply the Schengen rules through association agreements: Iceland and Norway (1999 agreement), Switzerland (2008) and Liechtenstein (2011). They issue uniform visas, appear in the European Commission's consulate statistics like any other Schengen state (Switzerland is the largest recipient of applications lodged in India in 2025), and their borders with EU Schengen states are internal borders. Liechtenstein has no consulate in India and is represented by Switzerland (Article 8).